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Coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic: How can technologies help to detect and stem the deadly virus?

2020-04-17 17:41:22Source:CIOE

Coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic: How can technologies help to detect and stem the deadly virus?

光电技术如何帮助检测和遏制致命病毒COVID-19

Source: http://www.yole.fr/       来源:http://www.yole.fr/

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A likely bat-borne virus, an undetected Patient Zero, closed borders, a worldwide quarantine, an economic disaster. This is not the new Soderbergh movie – it’s now our reality! The novel coronavirus is set to break Google search records amidst escalating worldwide distress, after COVID-19, the disease caused by this virus, was declared by the World Health Organization as a global pandemic. We cannot say what comes next, but we have a toolbox of technologies that can help restrain virus propagation. Thermal imaging is one of them, along with diagnostics and sanitizing technologies.

 

一种疑似是蝙蝠病毒,一个未被发现的 "零号病人",封闭的边境,全球范围内的隔离,一场经济灾难。这不是索德伯格的新电影---这就是我们现在的现实! 在这种新型冠状病毒被世界卫生组织宣布为全球大流行病之后,这种新型冠状病毒将打破谷歌搜索记录,而这种病毒引起的疾病--COVID-19被世界卫生组织宣布为全球大流行病。我们不能说接下来会发生什么,但我们有一个工具箱的技术可以帮助抑制病毒的传播。热成像技术,以及诊断和消毒技术就是身处其中。

 

Thermal Imaging 热成像技术

Historically, uncooled thermal imaging was first adopted by the commercial market to control passenger health in airports more than 20 years ago. It is bad to see that COVID-19 will make thermal imaging technology popular again. High fever, one of the disease’s main symptoms, can be easily monitored with the help of thermal cameras. This helps in identifying people among huge crowds, for example in airports or train stations. Thermal cameras detect the invisible black body radiation that all humans emit, at a wavelength between 8µm and 14µm. It’s exactly the radiation that these thermal cameras can capture.

从历史上看,20多年前,非制冷热成像技术首次被商业市场所采用,用于控制机场的旅客健康。没想到,COVID-19将使热成像技术再次普及。高烧作为该病的主要症状之一,在热成像仪的帮助下,可以很容易地被监测到。这有助于在庞大的人群中识别病原,比如适合机场或火车站等地大型人流聚集地。热像仪可以探测到所有人类所发出的不可见的黑体辐射,波长在8µm到14µm之间。这正是这些热像仪所能捕捉到的辐射。

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Thermal imaging technology was first developed for military, then for commercial applications such as thermography, surveillance, firefighting, automotive and hunting among others. Both thermopiles and microbolometers can be used. According to Yole’s Uncooled IR imagers and detectors 2019 report there were more than 1.5M thermal cameras shipped in 2019, worth more than $4.5B in revenue.

热成像技术首先是为军事领域开发的,然后才是商用应用,如热成像、监控、消防、汽车和狩猎等。热成像仪和微型测温仪都有应用。根据YoleUncooled IR成像仪和探测器2019年报告显示,2019年全球有超过150万台热成像仪的出货量,价值超过45亿美元。

 


 

Now, we clearly see that fever detection is driving big demand for thermal cameras, and we will see later this year how the coronavirus will affect the global thermal imaging market. This technology will certainly be more adopted in the future for increased security at borders and in airports. We will probably see more companies developing fever monitoring systems, such as FLIR, HikVision, Guide IR, Zhejiang Dali, Testo, Fluke, Seek Thermal, among many others.

现在,我们清楚地看到,发热检测推动了热像仪的大需求,在今年晚些时候,我们将看到冠状病毒将如何影响全球热像仪市场。在未来,这项技术肯定会被广泛地采用,以加强边境和机场的安全保障。我们可能会看到更多的公司开发热烧监测系统,如FLIR、海康威视、高德红外、浙江大立、TestoFlukeSeek Thermal等。

 

Nevertheless, thermal cameras for early fever screening can only do so much. They can detect a high fever but not the virus itself, of course. For actual detection of the virus, proper diagnostic tests are needed.

尽管如此,用于早期发热筛查的热像仪只能做这么多。当然,它们可以检测出高烧,但不能检测出病毒本身。要想真正检测出病毒,还需要进行适当的诊断检测。

 

PCR-based and Imaging diagnostics 基于PCR和影像诊断

As the number of COVID-19 infections increase every day, the search for fast, reliable, cheap diagnosis is greatly needed.

随着COVID-19感染的数量与日俱增,寻找快速、可靠、廉价的诊断方法是非常需要的。

 

There are mainly two ways to diagnose a viral respiratory infection such as COVID-19. The first is viral testing kits that use the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the direct diagnosis of the viral genetic content. The second is indirect diagnosis through the use of imaging such as chest Computed Tomography (CT)-scans or ultrasonography. Many of the severe complications from COVID-19 arise from pneumonia, a condition characterized by inflammation of the air spaces in the lungs. This can be seen on CT-scans as “ground-glass opacities”, which is why CT has been used as a diagnostic tool early on in hospitals in China and now everywhere. Because of its high sensitivity, CT is currently the imaging method of choice to diagnose and monitor patients with COVID-19.

现阶段COVID-19等病毒性呼吸道感染的诊断方法主要有两种。第一种是病毒检测试剂盒,利用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)直接诊断病毒基因含量。二是通过影像学检查,如胸部计算机断层扫描(CT扫描)或超声检查等间接诊断。许多由COVID-19引起的严重并发症都是由肺炎引起的,肺炎是一种以肺部气室发炎为特征的疾病。这在CT扫描上可表现为 "磨玻璃状不透明",这也是为什么CT很早就在中国的医院中作为诊断工具,现在各地医院都在使用。由于CT的高灵敏度,目前CT是诊断和监测COVID-19患者的首选影像学方法。


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All the major CT-scanner players, Siemens, GE, Canon and Philips, are working closely with hospitals and governments worldwide to install new facilities and facilitate the use of CT-scanners in the field. The recent arrival in this market of Chinese players with lower-end scanners might also have a clear impact in this crisis, especially in developing countries.

西门子、通用电气、佳能、飞利浦等各大CT扫描仪厂商都在与世界范围内的医院和政府紧密合作,安装新的设备,促进CT扫描仪在现场的使用。最近,中国厂商携低端扫描仪进入这一市场,可能也会对这一市场产生明显的影响,尤其是在发展中国家,这种危机感可能会更加明显。

 

On the PCR-based diagnostics side, the demand for COVID-19 tests and also for other respiratory pathogen tests to diagnose infected people is increasing rapidly. Indeed, companies offering syndromic respiratory panels have recently observed an increase in their sales, especially in Asia. This is attributed to an increased clinical need right now to rule out infection with other respiratory pathogens, as COVID-19 tests are not widely available yet. It opens up opportunities for large volumes of test production, and several companies like Qiagen, BioMérieux/BioFire, and Randox/Bosch Vivalytic, among others have released tests for the COVID-19.

在基于PCR的诊断方面,对COVID-19检测以及用于诊断感染者的其他呼吸道病原体检测的需求正在迅速增加。事实上,提供综合征呼吸道检测板的公司最近的销售量也在增加,尤其是在亚洲地区。这是由于目前临床上对排除其他呼吸道病原体感染的需求增加,因目前COVID-19检测还没有普及。这为大量的检测产品的生产提供了机会,QiagenBioMérieux/BioFireRandox/Bosch Vivalytic等几家公司已经发布了COVID-19的检测产品。

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However, it is legitimate to ask whether the current production capabilities are sufficient to respond to this demand if it reaches millions of tests in the coming weeks. Most companies won’t have the required capabilities, no matter whether they rely on their own production lines or on subcontractors. Certainly, some companies will delay their production of other panels to prioritize the production of COVID-19 and other respiratory panel cartridges.

然而,如果在未来几周内达到数百万次的测试,目前的生产能力是否足以应对这种需求,这还是一个合理的疑问。大多数公司不管是依靠自己的生产线还是依靠分包商,都不会具备所需的能力。当然,有些公司会推迟生产其他面板,以优先生产COVID-19和其他呼吸检测板的生产。

 

In this race toward the detection of the symptoms and the virus itself using thermal, PCR and CT scans, people are also looking at how to stem the spread of the virus. While images of people trying to sanitize almost everything through chemical sanitizing are common, another disinfection option is the use of ultraviolet-C (UVC) wavelength LEDs.

在这场利用热敏、PCRCT扫描来检测症状和病毒本身的竞赛中,人们也在研究如何阻止病毒的传播。虽然人们试图通过化学消毒几乎对所有东西进行消毒的画面屡见不鲜,但另一种消毒方法是使用紫外线-CUVC)波长的LED灯。

 

UVC LED lighting for disinfection 消毒用UVC LED

In China, authorities are now trying to eradicate the virus by disinfecting as much as possible in the surroundings. Here it is the third stage of the fighting plan against the virus. Indeed, UVC light has the ability to kill the virus and can also be used for sterilizing bacteria. Until now, the UVC light has been mainly used in water reactors for disinfection purpose as the UVC light can break the DNA of viruses and bacteria.

在中国,当局现在正试图通过对周围环境进行尽可能多的消毒来消灭病毒。 这是抗击病毒计划的第三阶段。 实际上,UVC光具有杀死病毒的能力,也可以用于对细菌进行灭菌。 到目前为止,UVC灯主要用于水反应器中以达到消毒目的,因为UVC灯可以破坏病毒和细菌的DNA



Author 作者


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Dimitrios Damianos, PhD joined Yole Développement (Yole) as a Technology and Market Analyst and is working within the Photonics, Sensing & Display division. Dimitrios is daily working with his team to deliver valuable technology & market reports regarding the imaging industry including photonics & sensors. After his research on theoretical and experimental quantum optics and laser light generation, Dimitrios pursued a Ph.D. in optical and electrical characterization of dielectric materials on silicon with applications in photovoltaics and image sensors, as well as SOI for microelectronics at Grenoble’s university (France). In addition, Dimitrios holds a MSc degree in Photonics from the University of Patras (Greece). He has also authored and co-authored several scientific papers in international peer-reviewed journals.

Dimitrios加入Yole Développement (Yole),担任技术和市场分析师,在光电、传感和显示部门工作。Dimitrios每天和他的团队一起工作,提供有价值的技术和市场报告,包括光电子和传感器等成像行业的技术和市场报告。在研究了理论和实验量子光学和激光产生的理论和实验之后,Dimitrios在法国格勒诺布尔大学攻读了硅上介电材料的光学和电学特性的博士学位,并在光电和图像传感器领域的应用,以及微电子学的SOI。此外,Dimitrios还拥有希腊帕特雷大学的光子学硕士学位。他还在国际同行评议期刊上发表了多篇科学论文。


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Sébastien Clerc is a Technology & Market Analyst in Microfluidics, Sensing & Actuating at Yole Développement (Yole). As part of the Photonics & Sensing team, Sébastien has authored a collection of market and technology reports dedicated to microfluidics and other micro-devices for both market segments: medical (including diagnostics, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, drug delivery, medical devices) and industrial (including environment, agro-food). At the same time, he is involved in custom projects such as strategic marketing, technology scouting and technology evaluation to help academic and industrial players in their innovation processes. Thanks to his technology & market expertise, Sébastien has spoken in more than 20 industry conferences worldwide over the last 4 years. Sébastien Clerc graduated from Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP – Grenoble, France) with a Master’s degree in Biomedical Technologies. He then completed his academic studies with a Master’s degree in Innovation and Technology Management in the same institute.

Sébastien ClercYole Développement (Yole)的微流控、传感和执行技术与市场分析师。作为光子学和传感团队的一员,Sébastien撰写了一系列市场和技术报告,致力于微流控和其他微设备的市场和技术报告,涉及医疗(包括诊断、制药、生物技术、药物输送、医疗设备)和工业(包括环境、农业食品)两个细分市场。同时,他还参与了一些定制项目,如战略营销、技术侦察和技术评估等,帮助学术界和工业界的企业进行创新。由于他在技术和市场方面的专业知识,Sébastien在过去4年里在全球20多个行业会议上发表过演讲。Sébastien Clerc毕业于法国格勒诺布尔理工学院(格勒诺布尔INP-格勒诺布尔,法国),获得生物医学技术硕士学位之后,他又在该学院完成了创新和技术管理硕士学位的学术研究。


 

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As a Technology & Market Analyst, Medical & Industrial Imaging, Marjorie Villien, PhD., is member of the Photonics & Sensing activities group at Yole Développement (Yole). Marjorie contributes regularly to the development of imaging projects with a dedicated collection of market & technology reports as well as custom consulting services in the medical and industrial fields. She regularly meets with leading imaging companies to identify and understand technology issues, analyze market evolution and ensure the smart combination of technical innovation and industrial application. After spending two years at Harvard and prior to her position at Yole, Marjorie served as a research scientist at INSERM and developed dedicated medical imaging expertise for the diagnosis and follow-up treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, stroke and brain cancers. She presents to numerous international conferences throughout the year and has authored or co-authored 12 papers and 1 patent. Marjorie Villien graduated from Grenoble INP (France) and holds a PhD. in physics & medical imaging.

Marjorie Villien博士是Yole Développement (Yole)光电与传感部门的技术与市场分析师,负责医疗与工业成像领域的技术与市场分析。Marjorie定期为成像项目的发展做出贡献,提供专门的市场和技术报告以及医疗和工业领域的定制咨询服务。她定期与领先的成像公司会面,以发现和了解技术问题,分析市场的演变,确保技术创新和工业应用的巧妙结合。在哈佛大学学习两年后,在Yole任职之前,Marjorie曾在INSERM公司担任研究科学家,在阿尔茨海默病、中风和脑癌的诊断和随访治疗方面,她在医学影像学方面的专业技术。她常年在许多国际会议上发表演讲,并撰写或合著了12篇论文和1项专利。Marjorie Villien毕业于法国格勒诺布尔国立医学院,拥有物理学和医学影像学博士学位。


 

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With more than 25+ years’ experience within the semiconductor industry, Eric Mounier PhD. is Fellow Analyst at Yole Développement (Yole). Eric provides daily in-depth insights into current and future semiconductor trends, markets and innovative technologies (such as Quantum computing, Si photonics, new sensing technologies, new type of sensors …). Based on relevant methodological expertise and a strong technological background, he works closely with all the teams at Yole to point out disruptive technologies and analyze and present business opportunities through technology & market reports and custom consulting projects. With numerous internal workshops on technologies, methodologies, best practices and more, Yole’s Fellow Analyst ensures the training of Yole’s Technology & Market Analysts. In this position, Eric Mounier has spoken in numerous international conferences, presenting his vision of the semiconductor industry and latest technical innovations. He has also authored or co-authored more than 100 papers as well as more than 120 Yole’s technology & market reports. Previously, Eric held R&D and Marketing positions at CEA Leti (France). Eric Mounier has a PhD. in Semiconductor Engineering and a degree in Optoelectronics from the National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble (France).

Eric Mounier博士是Yole Développement (Yole)的分析师,在半导体行业有超过25年的工作经验。他每天针对当前和未来的半导体趋势、市场和创新技术(如量子计算、硅光子、新传感技术、新型传感器等)提出深入的见解。在其相关专业知识和强大的技术背景下,他与Yole团队紧密合作,发现颠覆性的技术。并通过技术和市场报告以及定制咨询项目,分析并提供商业机会。Yole的分析师在公司内部有许多关于技术、方法、最佳实践等方面的研讨会,以确保Yole对技术和市场的分析师培养。任职期间,Eric Mounier曾在许多国际会议上发表过演讲,介绍了他对半导体行业的愿景和最新的技术创新。他还撰写或合著了100多篇论文以及120多份Yole的技术和市场报告。此前,Eric曾在法国CEA Leti公司担任研发和营销职位。Eric Mounier拥有法国格勒诺布尔国立理工学院半导体工程博士学位和光电子学学位。

 

 

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As part of the Photonics, Sensing & Display division at Yole Développement (Yole), Pierrick Boulay works as Market and Technology Analyst in the fields of Solid State Lighting and Lighting Systems to carry out technical, economic and marketing analysis. Pierrick has authored several reports and custom analysis dedicated to topics such as general lighting, automotive lighting, LiDAR, IR LEDs, UV LEDs and VCSELs. Prior to Yole, Pierrick has worked in several companies where he developed his knowledge on general lighting and on automotive lighting. In the past, he has mostly worked in R&D department for LED lighting applications. Pierrick holds a master degree in Electronics (ESEO – Angers, France).

作为Yole DéveloppementYole)光电、传感和显示部门的一员,Pierrick Boulay在固态照明和照明系统领域担任市场和技术分析员,进行技术、经济和市场分析。Pierrick曾撰写了多份报告和定制分析报告,专门针对通用照明、汽车照明、LiDARIR LEDUV LEDVCSEL等主题进行分析。在加入Yole之前,Pierrick曾在几家公司工作,他在通用照明和汽车照明领域积累了丰富的知识。在过去,他主要在LED照明应用的研发部门工作。Pierrick拥有电子学硕士学位(法国昂热的ESO - ESEO)

 

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立即注册参观CIOE 2020,与作者见面,并与他们并探讨光子学的未来。

 

Source: http://www.yole.fr/

来源:http://www.yole.fr/